Path loss model that combines free space path loss with log-normal shadowing. Extends the deterministic free space model by adding a random component that follows a normal distribution with zero mean and configurable standard deviation (sigma). This accounts for signal variations due to obstacles and environmental factors, providing more realistic wireless signal propagation modeling than pure deterministic models.

Inheritance diagram

The following diagram shows inheritance relationships for this type. Unresolved types are missing from the diagram.

Extends

Name	Type	Description
FreeSpacePathLoss	compound module	Implements the free space path loss model, which models signal attenuation over distance according to the Friis transmission equation. Calculates signal power loss as a function of distance, wavelength, and configurable parameters. The alpha parameter controls the path loss exponent (default 2), while the systemLoss parameter accounts for hardware inefficiencies. Provides an ideal baseline model for wireless propagation in environments with line-of-sight and no obstacles.

Parameters

Name	Type	Default value	Description
displayStringTextFormat	string	""	Determines the text that is written on top of the submodule, supports displaying pars, watches, and module-specific information
alpha	double	2
systemLoss	double	0dB
sigma	double	1

Properties

Name	Value	Description
class	LogNormalShadowing
display	i=block/control

Source code

//
// Path loss model that combines free space path loss with log-normal shadowing.
// Extends the deterministic free space model by adding a random component that
// follows a normal distribution with zero mean and configurable standard
// deviation (sigma). This accounts for signal variations due to obstacles and
// environmental factors, providing more realistic wireless signal propagation
// modeling than pure deterministic models.
//
module LogNormalShadowing extends FreeSpacePathLoss
{
    parameters:
        double sigma = default(1);
        @class(LogNormalShadowing);
}

File: src/inet/physicallayer/wireless/common/pathloss/LogNormalShadowing.ned

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